# A Deep Artificial Immune System to Detect Weld Defects in DWDI Radiographic Images of Petroleum Pipes

> Research article (IEEE Access, 2019) · cited 27× · AI/ML

**Wikidata**: [openalex:W2996172986](https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/openalex:W2996172986)  
**Source**: https://4ort.xyz/entity/a-deep-artificial-immune-system-to-detect-weld-defects-in-dwdi-radiographic-images-of-petroleum-pipes