# A Comparative Study of PSO-ANN, GA-ANN, ICA-ANN, and ABC-ANN in Estimating the Heating Load of Buildings’ Energy Efficiency for Smart City Planning

> Research article (Applied Sciences, 2019) · cited 322× · AI/ML

**Wikidata**: [openalex:W2954464033](https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/openalex:W2954464033)  
**Source**: https://4ort.xyz/entity/a-comparative-study-of-pso-ann-ga-ann-ica-ann-and-abc-ann-in-estimating-the-heating-load-of-buildings-energy-efficiency-