# A Comparative Study of Design of Active Fault-Tolerant Control System for Air–Fuel Ratio Control of Internal Combustion Engine Using Particle Swarm Optimization, Genetic Algorithm, and Nonlinear Regression-Based Observer Model

> Research article (Applied Sciences, 2022) · cited 14× · AI/ML

**Wikidata**: [openalex:W4289985715](https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/openalex:W4289985715)  
**Source**: https://4ort.xyz/entity/a-comparative-study-of-design-of-active-fault-tolerant-control-system-for-airfuel-ratio-control-of-internal-combustion-e