# 599 series integrated circuits

> TTL logic with balanced outputs, civilian version of the 199 series

**Wikidata**: [Q131679255](https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131679255)  
**Source**: https://4ort.xyz/entity/599-series-integrated-circuits

## Summary
The 599 series integrated circuits are a model series of integrated circuits developed in the Soviet Union by NPP Pulsar. They utilize Transistor-Transistor Logic (TTL) with balanced outputs and serve as the civilian version of the 199 series integrated circuits.

## Key Facts
- **Classification**: The series is a subclass of transistor–transistor logic (TTL).
- **Developer**: The circuits were developed by the scientific-production enterprise NPP Pulsar.
- **Origin**: The country of origin is the Soviet Union.
- **Basis**: The 599 series is based directly on the 199 series integrated circuits.
- **Function**: It is designated as the civilian version of the 199 series.
- **Technology**: The series features TTL logic with balanced outputs.
- **Instance**: The 599 series is classified as an integrated circuit series.
- **Media**: An image of the 599ЛК3 model (produced in Fryazino, 1986) is available in the Wikimedia Commons category "599 series integrated circuits."

## FAQs
### Q: What is the 599 series integrated circuits?
A: The 599 series is a series of integrated circuits from the Soviet Union that uses transistor-transistor logic (TTL) with balanced outputs. It was developed by NPP Pulsar.

### Q: How does the 599 series relate to the 199 series?
A: The 599 series is the civilian version of the 199 series integrated circuits. Both series utilize TTL logic with balanced outputs.

### Q: Who developed the 599 series integrated circuits?
A: The 599 series was developed by NPP Pulsar in the Soviet Union.

## Why It Matters
The 599 series integrated circuits represent a specific adaptation of Soviet semiconductor technology for broader applications. By establishing a "civilian version" of the 199 series, developer NPP Pulsar enabled the use of robust TTL logic with balanced outputs in non-military or commercial sectors. This distinction suggests that the original 199 series may have been specialized for defense or restricted applications, making the 599 series crucial for the dissemination of advanced logic technology into the wider Soviet electronics market. The use of balanced outputs is technically significant as it helps in reducing noise and improving signal integrity in electronic systems, indicating that these chips were designed for reliable performance in complex circuit environments.

## Notable For
- Being the **civilian counterpart** to the military/specialized 199 series.
- Utilizing **balanced outputs**, a specific feature for signal integrity.
- Development by **NPP Pulsar**, a noted Soviet enterprise.
- Classification under **Transistor-Transistor Logic (TTL)**, a standard technology of the era.
- Originating in the **Soviet Union** during a period of significant semiconductor development.

## Body
### Development and Origin
The 599 series integrated circuits were developed by NPP Pulsar within the Soviet Union. The series is categorized as an integrated circuit series and serves as a specific model line sharing the same part prefix.

### Technical Specifications
The technology relies on Transistor-Transistor Logic (TTL). A defining technical characteristic of the 599 series is the inclusion of balanced outputs. This design choice differentiates the series from standard logic families that may utilize single-ended outputs.

### Relationship to 199 Series
The 599 series is structurally and functionally based on the 199 series integrated circuits. While the 199 series is described simply as TTL logic with balanced outputs, the 599 series is explicitly identified as the "civilian version" of this hardware. This implies a derivation of technology where the 599 series adapted the specifications of the 199 series for different usage domains.