# 4D printing: Fundamentals, materials, applications and challenges

> Research article (Polymer, 2021) · cited 330× · AI/ML

**Wikidata**: [openalex:W3171635419](https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/openalex:W3171635419)  
**Source**: https://4ort.xyz/entity/4d-printing-fundamentals-materials-applications-and-challenges