# 264 series integrated circuits

> hybrid digital ICs for civilian applications

**Wikidata**: [Q130468130](https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q130468130)  
**Source**: https://4ort.xyz/entity/264-series-integrated-circuits

## Summary
The 264 series integrated circuits are a model series of hybrid digital integrated circuits developed in the Soviet Union around 1970. Manufactured by the entity Exiton, these components were designed specifically for civilian applications rather than military use. They are classified as hybrid integrated circuits, meaning they combine different semiconductor devices and passive components on a single substrate.

## Key Facts
- **Classification:** The series is a subclass of hybrid integrated circuits and an instance of an integrated circuit series.
- **Function:** These are digital integrated circuits intended for civilian applications.
- **Developer:** The series was developed by Exiton.
- **Manufacturer:** The components were manufactured by Exiton.
- **Origin:** The series originated in the Soviet Union.
- **Timeline:** The point in time for this series is identified as 1970.
- **Compliance:** The series complies with the Soviet integrated circuit designation standard.
- **Structure:** As hybrid circuits, they consist of a miniaturized electronic circuit combining different semiconductor devices and passive components on a substrate.

## FAQs
### Q: What type of technology is used in the 264 series?
A: The 264 series utilizes hybrid integrated circuit technology. This involves combining different semiconductor devices and passive components onto a single substrate to form a miniaturized electronic circuit.

### Q: Who manufactured the 264 series integrated circuits?
A: The 264 series integrated circuits were both developed and manufactured by the Soviet entity known as Exiton.

### Q: What was the intended use for the 264 series?
A: Unlike many Soviet integrated circuits designed for military or aerospace purposes, the 264 series was designed specifically for civilian applications.

### Q: When was the 264 series introduced?
A: The series is associated with the year 1970.

## Why It Matters
The 264 series integrated circuits represent a specific segment of Soviet electronics history focused on the civilian sector. Developed around 1970 by Exiton, these components illustrate the Soviet Union's effort to miniaturize electronics for general consumer and industrial use through hybrid technology. Hybrid integrated circuits were a crucial stepping stone in electronics evolution, allowing for the combination of passive and active components in a single package before the widespread dominance of monolithic integrated circuits. By adhering to the "Soviet integrated circuit designation" system, the 264 series fits into a standardized framework that helped engineers and technicians select appropriate components for complex electronic devices. The focus on "civilian applications" distinguishes this series from the defense-oriented technologies that often dominated the era's R&D budgets, highlighting a push for consumer-grade digital infrastructure within the Soviet Union.

## Notable For
- **Civilian Focus:** Being explicitly designated for civilian applications, distinguishing it from military-grade hardware.
- **Hybrid Architecture:** Utilizing hybrid integrated circuit technology which combines semiconductor devices and passive components on a substrate.
- **Soviet Standardization:** Complying with the formal Soviet integrated circuit designation system.
- **Single Developer/Manufacturer:** Being uniquely developed and produced by the entity Exiton.

## Body
### Technical Classification
The 264 series is classified as a **hybrid integrated circuit**. This technology is defined as a miniaturized electronic circuit that combines different semiconductor devices (such as transistors) and passive components (such as resistors and capacitors) attached directly to a substrate. Unlike monolithic integrated circuits, which are fabricated on a single chip of semiconductor material, hybrid circuits allow for a wider variety of component integration.

### Development and Origin
The series is a product of the **Soviet Union**, developed and manufactured by the organization **Exiton**. The development is dated to **1970**. As an "integrated circuit series," the components share the same part prefix (264) and adhere to the **Soviet integrated circuit designation** system.

### Application and Usage
The primary designation for the 264 series is **digital integrated circuits for civilian applications**. This indicates that the series was utilized in computing, control systems, or consumer electronics available to the general public or non-military industries, rather than being classified for defense usage. The specific model prefix "264" identifies these components within the broader library of Soviet electronics.