# 215 series integrated circuits

> Soviet hybrid analogue circuits

**Wikidata**: [Q130426929](https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q130426929)  
**Source**: https://4ort.xyz/entity/215-series-integrated-circuits

## Summary
The 215 series integrated circuits are a line of Soviet hybrid analogue circuits developed by the Angstrem company. They are classified as hybrid integrated circuits, which miniaturize electronic functions by combining various semiconductor devices and passive components on a single substrate.

## Key Facts
- **Classification:** Hybrid integrated circuit series.
- **Function:** Analogue circuitry.
- **Origin:** Soviet Union.
- **Developer:** Angstrem.
- **Manufacturers:** Angstrem and Exiton.
- **Alias:** Known by the designation "Тропа-5" (Tropa-5).
- **Technical Basis:** Based on the 202 series integrated circuits (a 1960s-era Soviet hybrid DTL logic series).
- **Standards Compliance:** Follows the Soviet integrated circuit designation system.

## FAQs
### Q: What is the 215 series integrated circuit?
A: The 215 series is a collection of hybrid analogue integrated circuits produced in the Soviet Union. They were designed to combine multiple semiconductor and passive components into a single miniaturized package.

### Q: Who developed and manufactured the 215 series?
A: The series was developed by the Angstrem company. Manufacturing duties were shared between Angstrem and the Exiton plant.

### Q: How does the 215 series relate to the 202 series?
A: The 215 series is technically based on the 202 series. While the 202 series was primarily known for hybrid DTL logic circuits, the 215 series utilized similar hybrid technology for analogue applications.

### Q: What is the alias for the 215 series?
A: The 215 series is also known as "Тропа-5" (Tropa-5), following a naming convention used for several related Soviet hybrid circuit series.

## Why It Matters
The 215 series represents a significant stage in the evolution of Soviet microelectronics, specifically within the realm of hybrid technology. Unlike monolithic integrated circuits, these hybrid circuits allowed Soviet engineers to integrate diverse components—such as transistors and passive elements—onto a single substrate before monolithic processes were fully matured or for specific analogue requirements. 

As part of the "Tropa" lineage, the 215 series (Tropa-5) demonstrates the iterative development of Soviet electronics, building upon the foundations of the 1960s-era 202 series. Its production by major state enterprises like Angstrem and Exiton underscores its role in the Soviet industrial ecosystem and its adherence to standardized national designation systems.

## Notable For
- **Hybrid Construction:** Combines discrete semiconductor devices and passive components on a shared substrate for miniaturization.
- **Analogue Specialization:** Specifically designed for analogue functions within the broader Soviet hybrid circuit landscape.
- **Lineage:** Directly based on the 202 series, which was one of the earliest Soviet hybrid DTL logic series (inception 1960).
- **Standardization:** Fully compliant with the official Soviet integrated circuit designation standards.

## Body
### Technical Classification
The 215 series belongs to the class of hybrid integrated circuits. These devices are characterized by the assembly of various electronic components—including both active semiconductors and passive parts—onto a substrate to form a single unit. This approach was a primary method for achieving circuit miniaturization in the Soviet Union.

### Development and Production
The series was developed by **Angstrem**, a major Soviet electronics firm. Production was carried out by:
*   **Angstrem**
*   **Exiton**

The series is formally documented under the alias **Тропа-5** (Tropa-5).

### Relationship to the 202 Series
The 215 series is technically derived from the **202 series integrated circuits**. The 202 series was a foundational Soviet series of hybrid Diode-Transistor Logic (DTL) circuits that first appeared around 1960. While the 202 series focused on logic, the 215 series applied similar hybrid manufacturing techniques to analogue circuit designs.

### Nomenclature and Standards
The 215 series complies with the **Soviet integrated circuit designation** system, which standardized the naming and categorization of microelectronic components across the USSR. This ensured compatibility and consistency across different manufacturing plants and military or industrial applications.

## References

1. [Source](http://www.155la3.ru/k215.htm)