# 178 series integrated circuits

> pMOS logic

**Wikidata**: [Q131730735](https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131730735)  
**Source**: https://4ort.xyz/entity/178-series-integrated-circuits

## Summary
The 178 series integrated circuits are a model series of pMOS logic components developed in the Soviet Union. Developed by NPO Krystall (specifically the КНИИМП institute), these chips comply with the Soviet integrated circuit designation system and were utilized in computer hardware. They are frequently cited as being technologically equivalent to the 172 series integrated circuits.

## Key Facts
*   **Classification:** The series is an instance of an integrated circuit series and a subclass of pMOS logic.
*   **Developer:** The series was developed by **NPO Krystall** (Scientific and Production Association), with specific contributions attributed to the **КНИИМП** (Киевский научно-исследовательский институт микроприборов / Kiev Research Institute of Microdevices) qualifier.
*   **Origin:** The country of origin is the **Soviet Union**.
*   **Application:** These integrated circuits were **used by computers**.
*   **Standardization:** The series complies with the **Soviet integrated circuit designation** system.
*   **Equivalence:** The series is said to be the same as the **172 series integrated circuits**, as referenced by external technical sources.
*   **Documentation:** Detailed descriptions of the series can be found at `http://www.155la3.ru/k178.htm`.
*   **Media:** The series has an associated commons category titled "178 series integrated circuits."

## FAQs
**What technology was the 178 series based on?**
The 178 series utilized pMOS logic (p-channel metal-oxide-semiconductor), a common technology for early integrated circuits.

**Who manufactured the 178 series integrated circuits?**
The series was developed by NPO Krystall, an entity associated with the КНИИМП (Kiev Research Institute of Microdevices) within the Soviet Union.

**Is the 178 series related to other Soviet chip series?**
Yes, technical sources indicate that the 178 series is said to be the same as the 172 series integrated circuits.

**What was the primary use for these chips?**
These integrated circuits were used in the construction and operation of computers.

## Why It Matters
The 178 series represents a specific class of Soviet-era electronics that relied on pMOS logic to power computer systems. As a product of NPO Krystall and the КНИИМП institute, it illustrates the organized efforts of the Soviet Union to standardize and mass-produce microelectronics under a unified designation system. The existence of this series highlights the technological landscape of computing hardware in that era, where specific logic families like pMOS were standard for processing tasks. Furthermore, the noted equivalence to the 172 series provides crucial context for hardware archivists and engineers studying the compatibility and cloning practices of Soviet integrated circuits.

## Notable For
*   **pMOS Logic Architecture:** Distinguished as a subclass of pMOS logic, a foundational semiconductor technology.
*   **Soviet Standardization:** Notable for strict adherence to the Soviet integrated circuit designation system.
*   **Industrial Origin:** Recognized as a product of NPO Krystall and the КНИИМП research institute.
*   **Series Equivalence:** Noted in technical databases for being effectively the same as the 172 series.

## Body

### Technical Classification and Logic
The 178 series is classified as an **integrated circuit series** utilizing **pMOS logic**. This logic family involves p-channel metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistors. As a subclass of pMOS logic, the series represents a specific generation of electronic components used primarily for digital switching and logic operations in hardware.

### Development and Origins
The development of the 178 series is attributed to **NPO Krystall**. Historical data and qualifiers link this development specifically to **КНИИМП** (likely referring to the Kiev Research Institute of Microdevices). The series originated in the **Soviet Union**, reflecting the domestic production capabilities of the Soviet microelectronics industry at the time.

### Application and Usage
These components were designed for integration into broader electronic systems. Specifically, the "used_by" property indicates that the 178 series integrated circuits were utilized by **computers**. This suggests their primary role was in the computational logic or memory systems of computing hardware available during the Soviet era.

### Designation and Standards
The 178 series complies with the **Soviet integrated circuit designation** system. This system was used to categorize and identify various models of chips produced within the Soviet bloc, ensuring standardization across different manufacturers and applications. The series prefix "178" is the primary identifier under this system.

### Relationship to 172 Series
According to technical documentation referenced in the source material, the 178 series is **said to be the same as** the **172 series integrated circuits**. This equivalence suggests that the 178 series may have been a direct successor, a clone, or a relabeled version of the 172 series, a common occurrence in integrated circuit manufacturing where different series codes denote package types or minor revisions of the same silicon.

### External Resources and Documentation
Information regarding the 178 series is preserved through various digital archives. The primary source URL for the series is `http://www.155la3.ru/k178.htm`. Additionally, the series is documented on Wikimedia Commons under the category "178 series integrated circuits," indicating the availability of visual or diagrammatic resources (Sitelink count: 1). The Wikidata description for the entity simply lists it as "pMOS logic."

## References

1. [Source](http://www.155la3.ru/k172.htm)