# 136 series integrated circuits

> series of Soviet TTL logic circuits

**Wikidata**: [Q115861504](https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q115861504)  
**Source**: https://4ort.xyz/entity/136-series-integrated-circuits

## Summary  
The **136 series integrated circuits** are a family of Soviet‑manufactured transistor‑transistor logic (TTL) chips introduced in 1967. Modeled after the Western 7400 series, they were produced in flat‑pack form and were discontinued around 1970.

## Key Facts  
- **Inception:** 1967, developed through research and development in the Soviet Union【source】.  
- **Termination:** Production ended in 1970【source】.  
- **Technology base:** Directly based on the 7400 series TTL logic family【source】.  
- **Packaging:** Implemented in flat‑pack (plastic) housings【source】.  
- **Classification:** An integrated‑circuit series belonging to the transistor‑transistor logic subclass【source】.  
- **Designation compliance:** Follows the Soviet integrated‑circuit designation system【source】.  
- **Geographic origin:** Designed and manufactured in the Soviet Union【source】.  
- **Visual reference:** Example chip image – К136ЛА2 transistor【source】.  

## FAQs  
### Q: What are the 136 series integrated circuits?  
A: They are a Soviet‑produced line of TTL logic chips, mirroring the functionality of the Western 7400 series and packaged in flat‑pack form.  

### Q: When were the 136 series ICs introduced and discontinued?  
A: Development began in 1967, and the series was phased out by 1970.  

### Q: Which technology do the 136 series ICs use?  
A: They employ transistor‑transistor logic (TTL), the same logic family as the 7400 series.  

### Q: What packaging style do these chips use?  
A: The 136 series is supplied in flat‑pack (plastic) packages.  

### Q: How do the 136 series chips relate to the 7400 series?  
A: They are directly based on the 7400 series design, adapting its TTL functions for Soviet production.  

## Why It Matters  
The 136 series represents a pivotal moment in Cold‑War era electronics, illustrating how the Soviet Union adapted and localized Western semiconductor technology. By cloning the widely used 7400 TTL logic family, Soviet engineers provided domestic manufacturers with compatible building blocks for digital circuits, reducing reliance on imported components. The flat‑pack format facilitated easier assembly in Soviet hardware, supporting a range of applications from industrial controllers to early computer systems. Although the series had a brief production window (1967‑1970), its existence underscores the broader strategy of technology transfer and indigenization that shaped Soviet electronics development. Understanding the 136 series offers insight into historical design practices, standardization efforts, and the geopolitical dynamics of semiconductor diffusion.

## Notable For  
- **Direct 7400 series clone:** First Soviet TTL series explicitly modeled after the Western 7400 family.  
- **Flat‑pack implementation:** Adopted a compact, plastic packaging style uncommon in earlier Soviet ICs.  
- **Short production lifespan:** Developed and discontinued within a three‑year window (1967‑1970).  
- **Compliance with Soviet designation rules:** Integrated into the official Soviet IC naming convention.  

## Body  

### History and Development  
- Initiated in 1967 as a research‑and‑development project within the Soviet Union.  
- Aimed to provide a domestic alternative to the 7400 series, which was dominant in Western digital electronics.  
- Production ceased by 1970, marking a concise but focused manufacturing period.  

### Technical Basis  
- **Logic family:** Transistor‑transistor logic (TTL), identical in function to the 7400 series.  
- **Design philosophy:** Replicated gate structures (e.g., NAND, NOR) of the 7400 family, ensuring compatibility with existing schematics.  

### Packaging  
- Utilized flat‑pack (plastic) housings, offering a low‑profile, surface‑mount‑compatible form factor.  
- The flat‑pack design simplified soldering and board layout compared to earlier metal‑can packages.  

### Standardization and Designation  
- Assigned numbers following the Soviet integrated‑circuit designation system, facilitating cataloging and procurement across Soviet industries.  
- Listed under the commons category “136 series integrated circuits,” providing a centralized visual reference.  

### Legacy and Impact  
- Served as a bridge for Soviet engineers transitioning from imported to domestically produced digital components.  
- Demonstrated the feasibility of adapting Western semiconductor designs within Soviet manufacturing constraints.  
- Though short‑lived, the series contributed to the broader ecosystem of Soviet digital hardware in the late 1960s.

## References

1. [Source](http://www.155la3.ru/k130.htm)